- The Black Death (1347-1351 CE), also known as the Plague or Pestilence, was the worst Pandemic in History where between 30-60 % of the affected populations died.
- Its first recorded appearance was in the Crimea, it then spread to the Middle East, the Mediterranean, Northern Europe and Eurasia. The population levels did not recover until 1500 CE.
Plague of Justinian (541-549 CE)
- Plague of Justinian (541-549 CE) was the first occurrence of Bubonic Plague in the Ancient World and was caused by the same Bacterium that led to the Black Death (1347-1351 CE).
- The Plague swept through the Mediterranean, Europe, the Middle East and the Sassanian Empire and between 25-50% of the affected populations died.
Eurasia