- The Carausian Revolt (286-296 CE) is also known as the Britannic Empire which was independent for 10 years.
- Carausius led a Revolt that made Britannia independent from Rome for the 10 years between 286-296 CE.
The Reason for the Revolt
- The Britannic Empire started thirteen years after the collapse of the Gallic Empire (260-274 CE).
- Carausius was from the Menapii tribe in Germania Inferior. He started out as a pilot, navigating vessels to shore.
- In 286 CE, He was part of Maximian‘s campaign against the Bagaudae in northern Gaul, where he distinguished himself.
- As a result, Maximian made him Commander of the Classis Britannica, the Fleet in the North Sea, with instructions to defeat the Saxon and Frankish pirates.
- However, during 287 or 288 CE, Maximian learnt that Carausius was working with the pirates, and not against them. As a consequence, he ordered Carausius‘ execution.
Britannia declares Independence (286-296 CE)
- On hearing of the order to execute him, Carausius acted immediately and declared Britannia to be Independent and himself as ‘Emperor of the North’.
- The Carausian Revolt (286-296 CE) occurred 13 years after the demise of the Gallic Empire.
- Carausius seceded Britannia from Rome, along with northern Gaul.
- He held the three British Legions, the British Fleet and another Legion from Gaul, along with various mercenary units.
Rome’s Response
- Maximian mustered an invasion force between 288-289 CE.
- In 293 CE, Constantius I Chlorus was promoted to Caesar by Maximian, was sent to retake Britannia.
- His Legions moved into Gaul, capturing Boulogne and retaking the Rhine Delta.
Carausius is assassinated by Allectus
- However, before he could build a fleet to invade Britannia, Carausius was assassinated by Allectus his finance minister.
- Allectus then ruled Britannia for another three years.
Rome invades Britannia (296 CE)
- Finally, an invasion fleet sailed in 296 CE from Boulogne commanded by Constantius I Chlorus.
- Another fleet sailed in fog around the Isle of Wight, commanded by Julius Asclepiodotus.
- The invasion force landed and moved towards London where Allectus was overthrown and Britannia returned to Roman Rule.
The Outcome
- Britannia remained a Roman Province until 410 CE.
Boulogne