Dyophysitism

• Two Doctrines arose in Christianity, Diophysitism, followed by the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, and Monophysitism, followed by the Oriental Orthodox Christian Churches.
• The two Churches split after the Council of Chalcedon in 451 CE.

Diophysitism

• The Doctrine from the School of Antioch was that Jesus had a dual nature as the Incarnation of the Son of God:
  • He was Divine
  • He was Human
• The Diophysite Churches are broadly the:
  • Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches and the Anglican Church.

Monophysitism

• The Doctrine from the School of Alexandria, was that Jesus had a single nature as the Incarnation of the Son of God:
  • A blend of the Divine and the Human.
• The Monophysite Churches are broadly the:
  • Oriental Orthodox Christian Churches (mainly Egypt and the East):
    1. Armenian Church
    2. Syrian Church
    3. Coptic Church
    4. Ethiopian Church

Council of Chalcedon (451 CE)

• In 451 CE Council of Chalcedon, the Fourth of the Ecumenical Councils condemned Monophysitism.
• In turn the Council was rejected by the Monophysite Churches who then went their own separate way.