Garamantes

The Garamantes were a Berber Kingdom, which developed in the Fezzan, the Sub-Saharan Region below Tripolitana.

The Garamantes controlled the Trans Saharan Trade Routes between 500 BCE and 700 CE.
These connected the Mediterranean Sea with the west and central African Kingdoms of the Sahel, such as Agisymba. The Sahel is a band of Tropical Savanna that forms the southern border of the Sahara Desert.
The Kingdom flourished between 500 BCE to 600 CE, developing agriculture using underground irrigation systems based on accessing fossil water trapped in the limestone layer under the Desert Sand.
They traded Wheat, Salt and Slaves in exchange for Wine, Olive Oil and Roman Oil Lamps.

Their Capital was Garama (Germa), in southern Libya, where the Germa Museum now houses artefacts from this period.

19 BCE, during the reign of Augustus, the Garamantes raids had become a menace, so Septimius Flaccus was sent to invade the Garamantes, capturing 15 of their towns.
50 CE during the reign of Claudius, Suetonius Paulinus invaded the Garamantes again, and this time they were forced to become a Roman Client Kingdom until the third century CE. He used a Roman Camel Corps to cross the Sahara.
Between 82-93 CE the King of the Garamantes claimed Lordship over Agisymba. Acccording to Marinus of Tyre and Ptolemy, Agisymba was a country four months travel south of the Fezzan, with large animals and high mountains, thought to be located around Lake Chad.
202 CE, Septimius Severus invaded the Garamantes again, capturing their Capital, Garama.

Germa (Garama), Libya