- The Legio XIX was founded by Octavian in c.41 BCE.
- It was destroyed at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 CE.
Regimental Details
- Creation:
- c. 41 BCE Levied by Octavian.
- Dates:
- c. 41 BCE-9 CE.
- Fortress Bases:
- Cologne (Colonia Claudia) (c.30 BCE)
- Title:
- No known Cognomen
- Emblems:
- Unknown, but possibly the Capricorn
- Notable Commanders:
- Structure of the Legion:
Chronology
Early Campaigns:
- Probably taken to Sicily to fight in the Civil Wars after the Assassination of Julius Caesar in 44 BCE.
- Probably fought in 31 BCE at the Battle of Actium against Mark Anthony.
- c. 30 BCE moved to Cologne (Colonia Claudia) in Germania Superior.
Posting in Germania Superior (c.15 BCE-9 CE)
- 15-13 BCE Drusus campaigned against the Germanic Tribes.
- 8 BCE Tiberius campaigned against King Maroboduus of the Marcomanni in Czechia.
- 4-5 CE Tiberius campaigned against the Germanic Tribes and completes the conquest as far as the Elbe.
- 5 CE Publius Quintilius Varus became Governor of the newly conquered Germania.
Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (9 CE)
- 9 CE Arminius, leader of the Cherusci, who had been a loyal ally to Rome, plotted against Varus and led him into a trap at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. All three Legions, the XVII, XVIII and XIX, were destroyed in this Battle.
- 16-18 CE Germanicus sent an expedition to the battlefield who successfully recovered the Standards of the Legion.
Conclusion
- Very little is known about the Legio XIX as their is very little written record or inscriptions remaining today.
- The Legion was lost in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (9 CE) along with the Legio XVII and Legio XVIII. The Numbers XVII and Legio XIX were never used again.
Colonia Claudia, Cologne, Germany