- Numidia was a Berber Roman Client Kingdom between 201-46 BCE. Its capital was at Cirta (Constantine).
- After 146 BCE, Numidia occupied the area of modern Algeria, Tunisia and Libya, with the exception of Africa Proconsularis, the Kingdom stretched from Mauretania to Cyrenaica.
Timeline of Numidia
- Kingdom of Numidia (201-25 BCE)
- The Kingdom existed as a Roman Client Kingdom between 201-25 BCE, when it was absorbed into the Province of Africa Proconsularis.
- King Massinissa (239-148 BCE)
- The first King of Numidia was Massinissa.
- Second Punic War (218-202 BCE)
- During this war Massinissa first fought for the Carthaginians, but after 206 BCE, he changed sides and fought for the Romans.
- Numidian Cavalry
- During the Second Punic War (218-202 BCE), the Numidian Cavalry was so renowned that it was used by both the Romans and the Carthaginians at the Battle of Zama in 202 BCE.
- After this they were permanently used in the Roman Army.
- Roman Client Kingdom (201-25 BCE)
- After the Second Punic War Numidia became a Roman Client Kingdom of the Roman Republic between 201-25 BCE.
- Its capital was at Cirta, and renamed Constantine after 312 CE.
- Third Punic War (149-146 BCE)
- At the end of the Third Punic War in 146 BCE, the territory of Carthage became the Roman Province of Africa Proconsularis.
- Numidia surrounded this Province, but was finally absorbed into the Province of Africa Proconsularis in 25 BCE.
- Jugurthine War (107-105 BCE)
- Jugurtha was Massanissa’s illegitimate grandson, and vied with his legitimate heirs to become King of Numidia.
- The Roman Republic became concerned and eventually sent several Legions to intervene.
- Jugurtha was brought back to Rome in chains and placed in the Tullianum, where in 104 BCE he was executed.
- Client Kings of Numidia (105-25 BCE) after Jugurtha:
- Gauda (105-88 BCE)
- Hempsal II (88-60 BCE)
- Juba I (60-46 BCE)
- Juba II (46-25 BCE)
- In 46 BCE Numidia was divided into Africa Vetus and Africa Nova.
- In 25 BCE Numidia was annexed into the Roman Province of Africa Proconsularis.
Numidia