Zeugma and Syllepsis in Rhetoric: Definition and Examples
Zeugma and syllepsis are rhetorical devices that originated in Ancient Greek rhetoric and are still used in modern writing and speech.
The word zeugma comes from the Greek term meaning “joining together,” while syllepsis means “taking together.” Both figures of speech involve linking words in a way that creates stylistic or semantic contrast.
What Is Zeugma and Syllepsis?
Zeugma and syllepsis occur when a single verb or word governs two or more nouns, but the word applies to each noun in different senses or meanings. This technique adds elegance, wit, or emotional impact to a sentence.
Example of Zeugma
She broke his vase and his heart.
In this example, the verb “broke” is used once but applies differently:
- broke his vase (literal meaning)
- broke his heart (figurative meaning)
This dual usage of the verb is what makes the sentence an example of zeugma (and often discussed alongside syllepsis).
Why Writers Use Zeugma
Writers use zeugma and syllepsis to:
- Create concise and powerful sentences
- Add humor, irony, or emotional depth
- Make language more memorable and expressive
These rhetorical devices are commonly found in literature, speeches, poetry, and everyday language.