- The Trade and Commerce of Ancient Rome was conducted through its Port, Warehouses and Markets, some of which have survived until the present era.
Markets
- Trajan's Market:
- The world’s oldest Shopping Mall.
- Slave Markets:
- The Graecostadium was the original slave market located behind the Basilica Julia in the Forum Romanum.
- The Saepta, also located near the Forum, was built by Septimius Severus (193-211 CE)
- Food Markets:
- Macellum Magnum was a large farmers’ market built by Nero.
- A Macellum was an indoor farmers’ market with shops arranged around a courtyard with a fountain in the centre. Some shops had marble counters for selling meat and fish.
- Forum Piscarium was a fish market betyween the Via Sacra and the Argiletum and later incorporated into the Macellum.
- Forum Cuppedinis was a delicatessan.
- Forum Holitorium was a cabbage market.
- Forum Boarium was the cattle market.
- Forum Suarium was the pork market.
- Macellum Magnum was a large farmers’ market built by Nero.
Rome’s Harbour
- Emporium
- The Emporium was the Docks of Rome on the Tiber, which replaced the old harbour of the Forum Boarium in 193 BCE.
- Barges moored alongside the quays. Then stone paved terraces and stone walls, connected by ladders, formed a series of terraces up the riverbank and into the warehouses above.
Romes’ Warehouses
- Porticus Aemilia:
- This huge warehouse ran parallel to the river Tiber and was set back from it by 300 ft (90m).
- It formed a long, thin rectangular building almost 1600 ft (487m) long, and 200 ft (60m) wide.
- The interior was divided into 50 aisles, about 27 feet (8.3m) in length, created by 294 pillars in rows of seven.
- Horrea Galbana
- This was the warehouse where the Grain was stored.
- Horrea Lolliana
- This was another warehouse, possibly located on the opposite bank of the Tiber.
Monte Testaccio
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- Monte Testaccio was Ancient Romes’s huge Rubbish Heap that consisted entirely of Pottery Shards from all the Amphorae imported into the warehouses.
Water Mills
- Water Mills:
- Ancient Rome’s Water Mills, where the grain was ground into flour, were built on the Aqua Traiana (Trajan’s Aqueduct) located on the Jainculia (Janiculum) Hill.
Government Grain Office
- Statio Annonae:
- This was the Office of Public Provisions (Grain Supply).
- The columns of this building are preserved in the Church of Santa Maria, Cosmedin.
The Sea Ports of Rome