Roman Legion List

• The Following is a List of Legions located in each Province in c.120 CE.

Britain

Britannia

• Chester (Deva)
  • Legio XX Valeria Victrix (43-408 CE)
• Caerleon (Isca Augusta)
  • Legio II Augusta (43-c.290 CE)
• York (Eburacum)
  • Legio IX Hispana (43-c.118 CE)
  • Legio VI Victrix (c.118-408 CE)
• Wroxeter (Viroconium)
  • Legio XIV Gemina (43-68 CE)
• Lincoln (Lindum)
  • Legio II Adiutrix (c.71-c.83 CE)
• Richborough (Rutupiae)
  • A Unit of the Legio II Augusta (c.400 CE)
• Hadrian's Wall:
  • 3,000 Auxiliaries (128-c.410 CE)
• Antonine Wall Scotland: (139-155 CE) (vacated) Partly reoccupied (208-11 CE)
  • A Vexillatio of the Legio VI Victrix
  • A Vexillatio of the Legio XX Valeria Victrix
  • A Vexillatio of Legio II Augusta
  • Various Auxiliary Units.
• Inchtuthil Legionary Fortress River Tay, Scotland:
  • Legio XX Valeria Victrix (82-3 – 86-7 CE)
  • Legio II Adiutrix (86-7 CE)
• Carpow (Horrea Classis), River Tay, Scotland:
  • Legio II Augusta (208-211 CE)
  • Legio VI Victrix (208-211 CE)
• Cramond, Antonine Wall, Scotland:
  • A Unit of the Legio II Augusta (208-11 CE)

Spain

Hispania Tarraconensis

• Leon (Legio):
  • Legio VI Victrix (30 BCE-74 CE)
  • Legio VII Gemina Felix (74-409 CE)
• Tarragona (Tarraco):
  • Units of Legio VII Gemina Felix (74-409 CE)
• Astorga (Cantabria):
  • Legio X Gemina (c.32 BCE-15 CE)
• Rosinos de Vidriales (Cantabria):
  • Legio X Gemina (15-71 CE)
• Herrera de Pisuerga (Palencia, Cantabria)
  • Legio IIII Macedonica (19 BCE-69 CE)

River Rhine

Germania Superior

• Mainz (Moguntiacum), Germany.
  • Legio XVI Gallica (c.12 BCE-43 CE)
  • Legio XIV Gemina (70-92 CE)
  • Legio XXI Rapax (83-89 CE)
  • Legio XXII Primigenia (39-c.337 CE)
  • Legio IIII Italica (231-c.400 CE)
• Windisch (Vindonissa), Switzerland. (became a civilian town after 101 CE)
  • Legio XIII Gemina (15 – 44-5 CE)
  • Legio XXI Rapax (43-69 CE)
  • Legio XI Claudia (70-101 CE)
• Strasbourg (Argentoratum), France.
  • Legio II Augusta (9-43 CE)
  • Legio VIII Augusta (70-371 CE)

Germania Inferior

• Xanten Castra Vetera, Germany.
  • Legio XVII (c.15 BCE-9 CE) (probably here. Lost in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
  • Legio XVIII (c.15 BCE-9 CE) (probably here. Lost in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
  • Legio V Alaudae (9-70 CE)
  • Legio XXI Rapax (9-43 CE)
• Bonn (Bonna), Germany.
  • Legio XXI Rapax (70-83 CE)
  • Legio I Germanica (c.28-70 CE)
  • Legio I Minervia (82-353 CE)
• Cologne (Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium) Germany.
  • Legio XIX (c.30 BCE-9 CE) Lost in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
  • Legio I Germanica (9-c. 28 CE)
• Neuss (Novaesium) Germany.
  • Legio XX Valeria Victrix (9-43 CE)
  • Legio XVI Gallica (43-70 CE)

Raetia

• Regensburg (Castra Regina) Germany.
  • Legio III Italica (171-c.400 CE)
• Augsburg (Augusta Vindelicum, Capital of Raetia) Germany.
  • Legio XIII Gemina (9-15 CE)
  • Unit of the Legio III Italica (171-c.400 CE)

Italy

Rome

• Castra Praetoria, Rome:
  • Praetorian Guard (27 BCE-312 CE) Disbanded by Constantine I.
• Castra Albana (Albano Laziale), near Rome):
  • Legio II Parthica from (c.198-c.312 CE). Then it was moved to Mesopotamia where by c.400 CE it was based in Cepha (Hasankeyf, Turkey) on the River Tigris, according to the Notitia Dignitatum.

Milan

• Comitatenses
  • From 260 CE onwards, an Elite Regiment Unit was based in Milan.

Alpes Cottiae

• Susa (Segusio), Italy.
  • Praetorian Guard: The Cohors Praetoria XII, later replaced by Cohors Praetoria IX.

Alpes Maritimae

• Nice (Cimiez), France)
  • Auxiliary Unit: Cohors I Ligurum et Hispanorum, (c.14-70 CE) (Auxiliary Alpine Regiment)

River Danube

Noricum

• Enns, (Lauriacum) Austria.
  • Legio II Italica Pia (180-c.400 CE)

Pannonia Superior

• Vienna, (Vindobona) Austria.
  • Legio X Gemina (104-c.400 CE)
  • Legio XIV Gemina (92-106 CE)
  • Legio I Adiutrix (83-344 CE) then included in Pannonia Inferior.
• Carnuntum (Petronell-Caruntum) Austria.
  • Legio XIV Gemina (106-c.400 CE)

Pannonia Inferior

• Brigetio (Szony) Hungary.
  • Legio I Adiutrix (83-344 CE)
• Budapest, (Aquincum) Hungary.
  • Legio II Adiutrix (70-269 CE)
• Sremska Mitrovica, (Sirmium, the Provincial Capital) Serbia.
  • A Unit of the Legio IIII Flavia Felix,

Dalmatia

• Burnum, Kistanje, Croatia.
  • Legio VII Claudia (9-58 CE)
  • Legio XI Claudia (9-101 CE)
  • Legio IIII Flavia Felix (70 CE onwards)

Moesia Superior

• Belgrade, (Singidunum) Serbia.
  • Legio IIII Flavia Felix (86-c.300’s CE)
• Viminacium (Province Capital, Ruins, nr Kostolac, Serbia)
  • Legio VII Claudia (c.58-c.300’s CE)

Moesia Inferior

• Svishtov (Novae) Bulgaria.
  • Legio I Italica (70 CE)
• Silistra, (Durostorum) Bulgaria.
  • Legio XI Claudia (114-c.400 CE)

Dacia

• Alba Julia (Apulum) Romania.
  • Legio XIII Gemina (106-271 CE)
• Iglita-Turcoaia (Troemis) Romania.
  • Legio V Macedonica (106-166 CE)
  • Legio II Herculea (337-361 CE)
• Turda, (Ruins of Castra Potaissa) Romania.
  • Legio V Macedonica (166-274 CE)
• Arad, (Castra Arad) Romania.
  • A Unit of the Legio IIII Flavia Felix and Legio XIII Gemina (86-c.274 CE)

Ukraine

Chersonesus Taurica (The Crimea)

• Charax:
  • Vexillatio of the Legio XI Claudia (c.114-c.400 CE)

Turkey

Cappadocia

• Melitene (Malatya) Turkey.
  • Legio XII Fulminata (70-c.400 CE)
• Sadak (Satala) Turkey.
  • Legio XV Apollinaris (115-c.400 CE)
• Trabzon (Trapezus) Turkey.
  • Unit of the Legio XV Apollinaris (115-c.400 CE)
• Ankara (Ancyra) Turkey.
  • Unit of the Legio XV Apollinaris (115-c.400 CE)

Middle East

Syria

• Cyrrhus (Ruins, Syria):
  • Legio X Fretensis (18-70 CE) then moved to Judaea.
  • Legio VI Ferrata (70-106 CE) then moved to Arabia Petrae.
• Raphanae (Ruins, Jordan):
  • Legio III Gallica (70-c. 323 CE) (Had moved to Syene, Egypt by this date)
• Zeugma: (Ruins, Turkey)
  • Legio IIII Scythica
• Samosata (Ruins underwater, Turkey):
  • Legio XVI Flavia Firma
• Apamea: (Ruins, Syria)
  • Legio II Parthica (218-234 CE)
• Dura Europos (Salhiye) Syria.
  • Cohors XX Palmyrenorum

Judaea

• Jerusalem (Israel):
  • Legio X Fretensis (70-c. 295 CE) and later in Aila (Aquaba, Jordan (c.295-c.400 CE)
• Caparcotna, Galilee (Lejjun, after ‘Legio’, Israel), (El-Lejjun in Jordan is a separate location).
  • Legio VI Ferrata (c. 115 CE-c.215 CE)
• Caesarea Maritima (Ruins, Israel):
  • Units of Legio VI Ferrata (c. 115-215 CE)

Arabia Petraea

• Bostra (Ruins, Syria):
  • Legio VI Ferrata (106-135 CE)
  • Legio III Cyrenaica (c.120-127-c.400 CE)
• Aquaba (Aela) Jordan:
  • Legio X Fretensis moved from Judea (c.410 CE)
• El-Lejjun (Ruins, Jordan), (Lejjun in Israel is a separate location)
  • Legio IIII Martia (274-c.400 CE)

Mesopotamia

• Singara: (Iraq, location unknown)
  • Legio I Parthica (c.198-360 CE)
• Viransehir (Constantina) Turkey:
  • Legio I Parthica (363-c.400 CE)
• Rhesaena (Ruins at Ras-al-ain, Turkey, on the River Khabur):
  • Legio III Parthica (c.198 CE) At an unknown date the Legion moved to Apadna, Osrhoene.
• Hasankeyf (Cepha) Turkey, on the River Tigris.
  • Legio II Parthica (c.400 CE) The Legion is mentioned in the Notitia Dignitatum as being based here.

Osrhoene

• Tell Fdyin (Apadna) Iraq:
  • Legio III Parthica (c.400 CE)

Armenia

• Both Legions used by Julian to invade the Sassanian Empire in 363 CE.
  • Legio I Armeniaca (363-c.400 CE)
  • Legio II Armeniaca (360-c.400 CE)

Africa

Egypt

• Nicopolis, Alexandria: A Double Fortress which was always occupied by 2 Legions.
  • Legio III Cyrenaica (30 BCE-125 CE)
  • Legio II Traiana Fortis (125-c.400 CE)
  • Legio XXII Deiotariana (6 BCE-145 CE) Either Destroyed or Disbanded by 145 CE.
  • Legio III Diocletiana (c.296-c.400 CE)
• Fort Babylon, Cairo:
  • Unit of Legio XIII Gemina (c. 400 CE)
• Luxor (Thebes):
  • Legio III Cyrenaica (30 BCE-c.35 CE) (uncertain, possibly elsewhere)
  • Unit of the Legio III Diocletiana (c.400 CE) mentioned in the Notitia Dignitatum
• Medinet-El Haras (Berenice):
  • Unit of the Legio III Cyrenaica based here between (30 BCE-c.35 CE)
• Idfu (Apollonopolis Magna or Edfu)
  • Legio II Traiana Fortis (c.400 CE)
• Kom Ombo (same name today):
  • Unit of the Legio III Diocletiana (c.400 CE)

Africa Proconsularis

• Legio III Augusta was based in the following Fortresses:
  • Ammaedara (Haidra, Tunisia) (30 BCE-75 CE)
  • Theveste (Tebessa, Algeria) (75-128 CE)
  • Lambaesis (Ruins, Algeria): (128-c.400 CE)
  • Timgad (Ruins, Algeria) Founded by Trajan (c.100 CE) for the veterans of the Legion.